Inland Revenue (Double Taxation Relief and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income and Capital) (Principality of Liechtenstein) Order
(Enacting provision omitted—E.R. 4 of 2019)
[7 July 2011]
(Omitted as spent—E.R. 4 of 2019)
For the purposes of section 49(1A) of the Ordinance, it is declared—
that the arrangements specified in section 3(1) have been made with the Government of the Principality of Liechtenstein with a view to affording relief from double taxation in relation to income tax and any tax of a similar character imposed by the laws of the Principality; and
that it is expedient that those arrangements should have effect.
The arrangements specified for the purposes of section 2(a) are the arrangements in—
Articles 1 to 29 of the agreement titled “Agreement between the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China and the Government of the Principality of Liechtenstein for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income and on Capital” (which title is translated into Chinese as “《中華人民共和國香港特別行政區政府與列支敦士登公國政府就收入及資本稅項避免雙重課稅和防止逃稅協定》” in this Order), done in duplicate at Vaduz on 12 August 2010 in the English language; and
Paragraphs 1 and 2 of the protocol to the agreement, done in duplicate at Vaduz on 12 August 2010 in the English language.
The English text of the Articles is reproduced in Part 1 of the Schedule; a Chinese translation of the Articles is also set out in that Part.
The English text of the Paragraphs is reproduced in Part 2 of the Schedule; a Chinese translation of the Paragraphs is also set out in that Part.
Article 1Persons Covered
This Agreement shall apply to persons who are residents of one or both of the Contracting Parties.
Article 2Taxes Covered
This Agreement shall apply to taxes on income and on capital imposed on behalf of a Contracting Party or of its political subdivisions or local authorities, irrespective of the manner in which they are levied.
There shall be regarded as taxes on income and on capital all taxes imposed on total income, on total capital, or on elements of income or of capital, including taxes on gains from the alienation of movable or immovable property, taxes on the total amounts of wages or salaries paid by enterprises, as well as taxes on capital appreciation.
The existing taxes to which the Agreement shall apply are in particular:
in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,
profits tax;
salaries tax; and
property tax;
whether or not charged under personal assessment;
in the case of the Principality of Liechtenstein,
the personal income tax (Erwerbssteuer);
the corporate income tax (Ertragssteuer);
the corporation taxes (Gesellschaftssteuern);
the real estate capital gains tax (Grundstücksgewinnsteuer);
the wealth tax (Vermögenssteuer); and
the coupon tax (Couponsteuer);
whether or not charged under personal assessment.
This Agreement shall apply also to any identical or substantially similar taxes that are imposed after the date of signature of this Agreement in addition to, or in place of, the existing taxes, as well as any other taxes falling within paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article which a Contracting Party may impose in future. The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall notify each other of any significant changes that have been made in their taxation laws.
The existing taxes, together with the taxes imposed after the signature of this Agreement, are hereinafter referred to as “Hong Kong Special Administrative Region tax” or “Liechtenstein tax”, as the context requires.
Article 3General Definitions
For the purposes of this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires:
As regards the application of this Agreement at any time by a Contracting Party, any term not defined therein shall, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meaning that it has at that time under the law of that Party for the purposes of the taxes to which this Agreement applies, any meaning under the applicable tax laws of that Party prevailing over a meaning given to the term under other laws of that Party.
Article 4Resident
Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 an individual is a resident of both Contracting Parties, then his status shall be determined as follows:
he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the Party in which he has a permanent home available to him; if he has a permanent home available to him in both Parties, he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the Party with which his personal and economic relations are closer (centre of vital interests);
if the Party in which he has his centre of vital interests cannot be determined, or if he has not a permanent home available to him in either Party, he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the Party in which he has an habitual abode;
if he has an habitual abode in both Parties or in neither of them, he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the Party in which he has the right of abode (in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region) or of which he is a national (in the case of Liechtenstein);
if he has the right of abode in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and is also a national of Liechtenstein, or if he does not have the right of abode in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region nor is he a national of Liechtenstein, the competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall settle the question by mutual agreement.
Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 a person other than an individual is a resident of both Contracting Parties, then it shall be deemed to be a resident only of the Party in which its place of effective management is situated.
Article 5Permanent Establishment
An enterprise shall not be deemed to have a permanent establishment in a Contracting Party merely because it carries on business in that Party through a broker, general commission agent or any other agent of an independent status, provided that such persons are acting in the ordinary course of their business.
The fact that a company which is a resident of a Contracting Party controls or is controlled by a company which is a resident of the other Contracting Party, or which carries on business in that other Party (whether through a permanent establishment or otherwise), shall not of itself constitute either company a permanent establishment of the other.
Article 6Income from Immovable Property
Income derived by a resident of a Contracting Party from immovable property (including income from agriculture or forestry) situated in the other Contracting Party shall be taxable only in that other Party.
The provisions of paragraph 1 shall apply to income derived from the direct use, letting, or use in any other form of immovable property.
The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 3 shall also apply to the income from immovable property of an enterprise.
Article 7Business Profits
The profits of an enterprise of a Contracting Party shall be taxable only in that Party unless the enterprise carries on business in the other Contracting Party through a permanent establishment situated therein. If the enterprise carries on business as aforesaid, the profits of the enterprise may be taxed in the other Party but only so much of them as is attributable to that permanent establishment.
Subject to the provisions of paragraphs 3 and 8, where an enterprise of a Contracting Party carries on business in the other Contracting Party through a permanent establishment situated therein, there shall in each Contracting Party be attributed to that permanent establishment the profits which it might be expected to make if it were a distinct and separate enterprise engaged in the same or similar activities under the same or similar conditions and dealing wholly independently with the enterprise of which it is a permanent establishment.
In determining the profits of a permanent establishment, there shall be allowed as deductions expenses which are incurred for the purposes of the permanent establishment, including executive and general administrative expenses so incurred, whether in the Party in which the permanent establishment is situated or elsewhere.
Insofar as it has been customary in a Contracting Party to determine the profits to be attributed to a permanent establishment on the basis of an apportionment of the total profits of the enterprise to its various parts, or on the basis of such other method as may be prescribed by the laws of that Party, nothing in paragraph 2 shall preclude that Contracting Party from determining the profits to be taxed by such apportionment or other method as may be customary; the method adopted shall, however, be such that the result shall be in accordance with the principles contained in this Article.
No profits shall be attributed to a permanent establishment by reason of the mere purchase by that permanent establishment of goods or merchandise for the enterprise.
For the purposes of the preceding paragraphs, the profits to be attributed to the permanent establishment shall be determined by the same method year by year unless there is good and sufficient reason to the contrary.
Where profits include items of income which are dealt with separately in other Articles of this Agreement, then the provisions of those Articles shall not be affected by the provisions of this Article.
Where, in accordance with paragraph 2, a Contracting Party adjusts the profits that are attributable to a permanent establishment of an enterprise of one of the Contracting Parties and taxes accordingly profits of the enterprise that have been charged to tax in the other Party, the other Party shall, to the extent necessary to eliminate double taxation on these profits, make an appropriate adjustment to the amount of the tax charged on those profits. In determining such adjustment, the competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall if necessary consult each other.
Article 8Shipping and Air Transport
Profits of an enterprise of a Contracting Party from the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic shall be taxable only in that Party.
The provisions of paragraph 1 shall also apply to profits from the participation in a pool, a joint business or an international operating agency.
For the purposes of this Article, profits from the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic shall include in particular:
revenues and gross receipts from the operation of ships or aircraft for the transport of persons, livestock, goods, mail or merchandise in international traffic including:
income derived from the lease of ships or aircraft on a bareboat charter basis where such lease is incidental to the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic;
income derived from the sale of tickets and the provision of services connected with such transport whether for the enterprise itself or for any other enterprise, provided that in the case of provision of services, such provision is incidental to the operation of ships and aircraft in international traffic;
interest on funds directly connected with the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic;
profits from the lease of containers by the enterprise, when such lease is incidental to the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic.
Article 9Associated Enterprises
Where,
an enterprise of a Contracting Party participates directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of the other Contracting Party, or
the same persons participate directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of a Contracting Party and an enterprise of the other Contracting Party,
and in either case conditions are made or imposed between the two enterprises in their commercial or financial relations which differ from those which would be made between independent enterprises, then any profits which would, but for those conditions, have accrued to one of the enterprises, but, by reason of those conditions, have not so accrued, may be included in the profits of that enterprise and taxed accordingly.
Where a Contracting Party includes in the profits of an enterprise of that Party - and taxes accordingly - profits on which an enterprise of the other Contracting Party has been charged to tax in that other Party and the profits so included are profits which would have accrued to the enterprise of the first-mentioned Party if the conditions made between the two enterprises had been those which would have been made between independent enterprises, then that other Party shall make an appropriate adjustment to the amount of the tax charged therein on those profits. In determining such adjustment, due regard shall be had to the other provisions of this Agreement and the competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall if necessary consult each other.
Article 10Dividends
Dividends paid by a company which is a resident of a Contracting Party to a resident of the other Contracting Party shall be taxable only in that other Party. This paragraph shall not affect the taxation of the company in respect of the profits out of which the dividends are paid.
The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the dividends, being a resident of a Contracting Party, carries on business in the other Contracting Party of which the company paying the dividends is a resident through a permanent establishment situated therein and the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment. In such case the provisions of Article 7 shall apply.
Where a company which is a resident of a Contracting Party derives profits or income from the other Contracting Party, that other Party may not impose any tax on the dividends paid by the company, except insofar as such dividends are paid to a resident of that other Party or insofar as the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with a permanent establishment situated in that other Party, nor subject the company’s undistributed profits to a tax on the company’s undistributed profits, even if the dividends paid or the undistributed profits consist wholly or partly of profits or income arising in such other Party.
Article 11Interest
Interest arising in a Contracting Party and paid to a resident of the other Contracting Party shall be taxable only in that other Party.
The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the interest, being a resident of a Contracting Party, carries on business in the other Contracting Party in which the interest arises through a permanent establishment situated therein and the debt-claim in respect of which the interest is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment. In such case the provisions of Article 7 shall apply.
Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the interest, having regard to the debt-claim for which it is paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting Party, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Agreement.
Article 12Royalties
Royalties arising in a Contracting Party and paid to a resident of the other Contracting Party may be taxed in that other Party.
However, such royalties may also be taxed in the Contracting Party in which they arise and according to the laws of that Party, but if the beneficial owner of the royalties is a resident of the other Contracting Party, the tax so charged shall not exceed 3 per cent of the gross amount of the royalties. The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of this limitation.
The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the royalties, being a resident of a Contracting Party, carries on business in the other Contracting Party in which the royalties arise through a permanent establishment situated therein and the right or property in respect of which the royalties are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment. In such case the provisions of Article 7 shall apply.
Royalties shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting Party when the payer is a resident of that Party. Where, however, the person paying the royalties, whether he is a resident of a Contracting Party or not, has in a Contracting Party a permanent establishment in connection with which the liability to pay the royalties was incurred, and such royalties are borne by such permanent establishment, then such royalties shall be deemed to arise in the Party in which the permanent establishment is situated.
Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the royalties, having regard to the use, right or information for which they are paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting Party, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Agreement.
Article 13Capital Gains
Gains derived by a resident of a Contracting Party from the alienation of immovable property referred to in Article 6 and situated in the other Contracting Party shall be taxable only in that other Party.
Gains from the alienation of movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting Party has in the other Contracting Party, including such gains from the alienation of such a permanent establishment (alone or with the whole enterprise), may be taxed in that other Party.
Gains derived by an enterprise of a Contracting Party from the alienation of ships or aircraft operated in international traffic or movable property pertaining to the operation of such ships or aircraft shall be taxable only in that Party.
Gains derived by a resident of a Contracting Party from the alienation of shares of a company deriving more than 50 per cent of its asset value directly or indirectly from immovable property situated in the other Contracting Party may be taxed in that other Party. However, this paragraph does not apply to gains derived from the alienation of shares:
quoted on such stock exchange as may be agreed between the Parties; or
alienated or exchanged in the framework of a reorganisation of a company, a merger, a scission or a similar operation that do not attract tax liability; or
in a company deriving more than 50 per cent of its asset value from immovable property in which it carries on its business.
Gains from the alienation of any property, other than that referred to in paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 4, shall be taxable only in the Contracting Party of which the alienator is a resident.
Article 14Income from Employment
Subject to the provisions of Articles 15, 17 and 18, salaries, wages and other similar remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting Party in respect of an employment shall be taxable only in that Party unless the employment is exercised in the other Contracting Party. If the employment is so exercised, such remuneration as is derived therefrom may be taxed in that other Party.
Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting Party in respect of an employment exercised in the other Contracting Party shall be taxable only in the first-mentioned Party if:
the recipient is present in the other Party for a period or periods not exceeding in the aggregate 183 days in any twelve month period commencing or ending in the fiscal year concerned, and
the remuneration is paid by, or on behalf of, an employer who is not a resident of the other Party, and
the remuneration is not borne by a permanent establishment which the employer has in the other Party.
Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, remuneration derived in respect of an employment exercised aboard a ship or aircraft operated in international traffic by an enterprise of a Contracting Party shall be taxable only in that Party.
Article 15Directors’ Fees
Directors’ fees and other similar payments derived by a resident of a Contracting Party in his capacity as a member of the board of directors of a company which is a resident of the other Contracting Party may be taxed in that other Party.
Article 16Artistes and Sportsmen
Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 7 and 14, income derived by a resident of a Contracting Party as an entertainer, such as a theatre, motion picture, radio or television artiste, or a musician, or as a sportsman, from his personal activities as such exercised in the other Contracting Party, may be taxed in that other Party.
Where income in respect of personal activities exercised by an entertainer or a sportsman in his capacity as such accrues not to the entertainer or sportsman himself but to another person, that income may, notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 7 and 14, be taxed in the Contracting Party in which the activities of the entertainer or sportsman are exercised.
Article 17Pensions
Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 18, pensions and other similar remuneration (including a lump sum payment) paid to a resident of a Contracting Party in consideration of past employment or self-employment shall be taxable only in that Party.
Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, pensions and other similar remuneration (including a lump sum payment) paid under:
the social security legislation of a Contracting Party; or
a scheme in which individuals may participate to secure retirement benefits and which is recognised for tax purposes in a Contracting Party;
shall be taxable only in that Contracting Party.
Article 18Government Service
Salaries, wages and other similar remuneration, other than a pension, paid by the Government of a Contracting Party, a political subdivision or a local authority thereof to an individual in respect of services rendered to that Party, subdivision or authority shall be taxable only in that Party.
However, such salaries, wages and other similar remuneration shall be taxable only in the other Contracting Party if the services are rendered in that Party and the individual is a resident of that Party who:
in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, has the right of abode therein and in the case of Liechtenstein, is a national of Liechtenstein; or
did not become a resident of that Party solely for the purpose of rendering the services.
Any pension (including a lump sum payment) paid by, or paid out of funds created or contributed by, the Government of a Contracting Party or a political subdivision or a local authority thereof to an individual in respect of services rendered to that Party, subdivision or authority shall be taxable only in that Party.
However, if the individual who rendered the services is a resident of the other Contracting Party and the case falls within subparagraph (b) of paragraph 1 of this Article, any corresponding pension (whether a payment in lump sum or by instalments) shall be taxable only in that other Contracting Party.
The provisions of Articles 14, 15, 16 and 17 shall apply to salaries, wages, pensions (including a lump sum payment), and other similar remuneration in respect of services rendered in connection with a business carried on by the Government of a Contracting Party, a political subdivision or a local authority thereof.
Article 19Students
Payments which a student who is or was immediately before visiting a Contracting Party a resident of the other Contracting Party and who is present in the first-mentioned Party solely for the purpose of his education receives for the purpose of his maintenance or education shall not be taxed in that Party, provided that such payments arise from sources outside that Party.
Article 20Other Income
Items of income of a resident of a Contracting Party, wherever arising, not dealt with in the foregoing Articles of this Agreement shall be taxable only in that Party.
The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply to income, other than income from immovable property as defined in paragraph 2 of Article 6, if the recipient of such income, being a resident of a Contracting Party, carries on business in the other Contracting Party through a permanent establishment situated therein and the right or property in respect of which the income is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment. In such case the provisions of Article 7 shall apply.
Article 21Capital
Capital represented by immovable property referred to in Article 6, owned by a resident of a Contracting Party and situated in the other Contracting Party, shall be taxable only in that other Party.
Capital represented by movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting Party has in the other Contracting Party may be taxed in that other Party.
Capital of an enterprise of a Contracting Party represented by ships and aircraft operated in international traffic and by movable property pertaining to the operation of such ships and aircraft shall be taxable only in that Contracting Party.
All other elements of capital of a resident of a Contracting Party shall be taxable only in that Party.
Article 22Methods for Elimination of Double Taxation
Subject to the provisions of the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region relating to the allowance of a credit against Hong Kong Special Administrative Region tax of tax paid in a jurisdiction outside the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, which shall not affect the general principle of this Article, Liechtenstein tax paid under the laws of Liechtenstein and in accordance with this Agreement, whether directly or by deduction, in respect of income derived by a person who is a resident of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region from sources in Liechtenstein, shall be allowed as a credit against Hong Kong Special Administrative Region tax payable in respect of that income, provided that the credit so allowed does not exceed the amount of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region tax computed in respect of that income in accordance with the tax laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Subject to the provisions of the laws of Liechtenstein regarding the elimination of double taxation, which shall not affect the general principle hereof, double taxation shall be eliminated as follows:
Where a resident of Liechtenstein derives income or owns capital which, in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, may be taxed in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Liechtenstein shall, subject to the provisions of subparagraphs (b) and (c), exempt such income or capital from tax, but may nevertheless, in calculating the amount of tax on the remaining income or capital of such resident, take into account the exempted income or capital.
Where a resident of Liechtenstein derives income which, in accordance with Articles 12, 14, 15 and 16 of this Agreement, may be taxed in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Liechtenstein shall credit against Liechtenstein tax on this income the tax paid in accordance with the law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and with the provisions of this Agreement. The amount of tax to be credited must not, however, exceed the Liechtenstein tax due on the income derived from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Income from dividends within the meaning of Article 10 paid by a company that is a resident of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to a company that is a resident of Liechtenstein and that are not deductible in determining the profits of the payer, shall not be taxed in Liechtenstein.
Article 23Non-Discrimination
Persons who, in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, have the right of abode or are incorporated or otherwise constituted therein, and, in the case of Liechtenstein, are nationals, shall not be subjected in the other Contracting Party to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith, which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which persons who have the right of abode or are incorporated or otherwise constituted in that other Party (where that other Party is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region) or nationals of that other Party (where that other Party is Liechtenstein) in the same circumstances, in particular with respect to residence, are or may be subjected. This provision shall, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 1, also apply to persons who are not residents of one or both of the Contracting Parties.
Stateless persons who are residents of a Contracting Party shall not be subjected in either Contracting Party to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith, which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which persons who have the right of abode in the Party (where the Party is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region) or nationals of the Party (where the Party is Liechtenstein) in the same circumstances, in particular with respect to residence, are or may be subjected.
The taxation on a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting Party has in the other Contracting Party shall not be less favourably levied in that other Party than the taxation levied on enterprises of that other Party carrying on the same activities. This provision shall not be construed as obliging a Contracting Party to grant to residents of the other Contracting Party any personal allowances, reliefs and reductions for taxation purposes on account of civil status or family responsibilities which it grants to its own residents.
Except where the provisions of paragraph l of Article 9, paragraph 4 of Article 11, or paragraph 6 of Article 12, apply, interest, royalties and other disbursements paid by an enterprise of a Contracting Party to a resident of the other Contracting Party shall, for the purpose of determining the taxable profits of such enterprise, be deductible under the same conditions as if they had been paid to a resident of the first-mentioned Party. Similarly, any debts of an enterprise of a Contracting Party to a resident of the other Contracting Party shall, for the purpose of determining the taxable capital of such enterprise, be deductible under the same conditions as if they had been contracted to a resident of the first-mentioned Party.
Enterprises of a Contracting Party, the capital of which is wholly or partly owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by one or more residents of the other Contracting Party, shall not be subjected in the first-mentioned Party to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which other similar enterprises of the first-mentioned Party are or may be subjected.
The provisions of this Article shall, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 2, apply to taxes of every kind and description.
Article 24Mutual Agreement Procedure
Where a person considers that the actions of one or both of the Contracting Parties result or will result for him in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, he may, irrespective of the remedies provided by the domestic laws of those Parties, present his case to the competent authority of the Contracting Party of which he is a resident or, if his case comes under paragraph 1 of Article 23, to that of the Contracting Party in which he has the right of abode or is incorporated or otherwise constituted (in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region) or of which he is a national (in the case of Liechtenstein). The case must be presented within three years from the first notification of the action resulting in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
The competent authority shall endeavour, if the objection appears to it to be justified and if it is not itself able to arrive at a satisfactory solution, to resolve the case by mutual agreement with the competent authority of the other Contracting Party, with a view to the avoidance of taxation which is not in accordance with this Agreement. Any agreement reached shall be implemented notwithstanding any time limits in the domestic laws of the Contracting Parties.
The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall endeavour to resolve by mutual agreement any difficulties or doubts arising as to the interpretation or application of this Agreement. They may also consult together for the elimination of double taxation in cases not provided for in this Agreement. To that regard, it is not necessary to present a case according to paragraph 1.
The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties may communicate with each other directly, including through a joint commission consisting of themselves or their representatives, for the purpose of reaching an agreement in the sense of the preceding paragraphs.
Where,
under paragraph 1, a person has presented a case to the competent authority of a Contracting Party on the basis that the actions of one or both of the Contracting Parties have resulted for that person in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement; and
the competent authorities are unable to reach an agreement to resolve that case pursuant to paragraph 2 within two years from the presentation of the case to the competent authority of the other Contracting Party;
any unresolved issues arising from the case shall be submitted to arbitration if the person so requests. These unresolved issues shall not, however, be submitted to arbitration if a decision on these issues has already been rendered by a court or administrative tribunal of either Party. Unless a person directly affected by the case does not accept the mutual agreement that implements the arbitration decision, that decision shall be binding on both Contracting Parties and shall be implemented notwithstanding any time limits in the domestic laws of these Parties. The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of this paragraph.
Article 25Exchange of Information
The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall exchange such information as is foreseeably relevant for carrying out the provisions of this Agreement or to the administration or enforcement of the domestic laws of the Contracting Parties concerning taxes covered by this Agreement, insofar as the taxation thereunder is not contrary to the Agreement. The exchange of information is not restricted by Article 1.
Any information received under paragraph 1 by a Contracting Party shall be treated as secret in the same manner as information obtained under the domestic laws of that Party and shall be disclosed only to persons or authorities (including courts and administrative bodies) concerned with the assessment or collection of, the enforcement or prosecution in respect of, the determination of appeals in relation to the taxes referred to in paragraph 1. Such persons or authorities shall use the information only for such purposes. They may disclose the information in public court proceedings or in judicial decisions.
In no case shall the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 be construed so as to impose on a Contracting Party the obligation:
to carry out administrative measures at variance with the laws and administrative practice of that or of the other Contracting Party;
to supply information which is not obtainable under the laws or in the normal course of the administration of that or of the other Contracting Party;
to supply information which would disclose any trade, business, industrial, commercial or professional secret or trade process, or information the disclosure of which would be contrary to public policy (ordre public).
If information is requested by a Contracting Party in accordance with this Article, the other Contracting Party shall use its information gathering measures to obtain the requested information, even though that other Party may not need such information for its own tax purposes. The obligation contained in the preceding sentence is subject to the limitations of paragraph 3 but in no case shall such limitations be construed to permit a Contracting Party to decline to supply information solely because it has no domestic interest in such information.
In no case shall the provisions of paragraph 3 be construed to permit a Contracting Party to decline to supply information solely because the information is held by a bank, other financial institution, nominee or person acting in an agency or a fiduciary capacity or because it relates to ownership interests in a person.
Article 26Members of Government Missions
Nothing in this Agreement shall affect the fiscal privileges of members of government missions, including consular posts, under the general rules of international law or under the provisions of special agreements.
Article 27Protocol
The attached Protocol shall be an integral part of this Agreement.
Article 28Entry into Force
Each of the Contracting Parties shall notify the other in writing of the completion of the procedures required by its law for the bringing into force of this Agreement. This Agreement shall enter into force on the date of the later of these notifications.
The provisions of this Agreement shall thereupon have effect:
in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, for any year of assessment beginning on or after 1 April of the calendar year next following that in which this Agreement enters into force;
in Liechtenstein, for any taxable year beginning on or after 1 January of the calendar year next following that in which this Agreement enters into force.
Article 29Termination
This Agreement shall remain in force until terminated by a Contracting Party. Either Contracting Party may terminate this Agreement by giving the other Contracting Party written notice of termination at least six months before the end of any calendar year following the fifth year after the entry into force. In such event, this Agreement shall cease to have effect:
in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, for any year of assessment beginning on or after 1 April of the calendar year next following that in which the notice is given;
in Liechtenstein, for any taxable year beginning on or after 1 January of the calendar year next following that in which the notice is given.
(Chinese Translation)第一條所涵蓋的人
本協定適用於屬締約一方的居民或同時屬締約雙方的居民的人。
第二條所涵蓋的稅項
本協定適用於代締約方或其政治分部或地區主管當局課徵的收入及資本稅項，不論該等稅項以何種方式徵收。
對總收入、總資本或收入或資本的組成部分課徵的所有稅項，包括對自轉讓動產或不動產所得的收益、企業支付的工資或薪金總額以及資本增值所課徵的稅項，須視為收入及資本稅項。
以下稅項尤其屬本協定所適用的現有稅項：
就香港特別行政區而言，
利得稅；
薪俸稅；及
物業稅；
不論是否按個人入息課稅徵收；
就列支敦士登公國而言，
個人所得稅 (Erwerbssteuer)；
公司所得稅 (Ertragssteuer)；
公司稅 (Gesellschaftssteuern)；
房地產資本增值稅 (Grundstücksgewinnsteuer)；
財富稅 (Vermögenssteuer)；及
息票稅 (Couponsteuer)；
不論是否按個人入息課稅徵收。
本協定亦適用於在本協定的簽訂日期後，在現有稅項以外課徵或為取代現有稅項而課徵的任何與現有稅項相同或實質上類似的稅項，以及適用於締約方將來課徵而又屬本條第1及2款所指的任何其他稅項。締約雙方的主管當局須將其稅務法律的任何重大改變，通知對方的主管當局。
現有稅項連同在本協定簽訂後課徵的稅項，以下稱為“香港特別行政區稅項”或“列支敦士登稅項”，按文意所需而定。
第三條一般定義
就本協定而言，除文意另有所指外：
在締約方於任何時候施行本協定時，凡有任何詞語在本協定中並無界定，則除文意另有所指外，該詞語須具有它當其時根據該方就本協定適用的稅項而施行的法律所具有的涵義，而在根據該方適用的稅務法律給予該詞語的任何涵義與根據該方的其他法律給予該詞語的涵義兩者中，以前者為準。
第四條居民
如任何個人因第1款的規定而同時屬締約雙方的居民，則該人的身分須按照下述規定斷定：
如該人在其中一方有可供他使用的永久性住所，則該人須當作只是該方的居民；如該人在雙方均有可供他使用的永久性住所，則該人須當作只是與其個人及經濟關係較為密切的一方(重要利益中心)的居民；
如無法斷定該人在哪一方有重要利益中心，或該人在任何一方均沒有可供他使用的永久性住所，則該人須當作只是他的慣常居所所在的一方的居民；
如該人在雙方均有或均沒有慣常居所，則該人須當作只是他擁有居留權(就香港特別行政區而言)的一方或他屬其國民(就列支敦士登而言)的一方的居民；
如該人既擁有香港特別行政區的居留權亦屬列支敦士登的國民，或該人既沒有香港特別行政區的居留權亦不屬列支敦士登的國民，則締約雙方的主管當局須透過共同協商解決該問題。
如並非個人的人因第1款的規定而同時屬締約雙方的居民，則該人須當作僅屬其實際管理工作地點所處的一方的居民。
第五條常設機構
凡某企業透過經紀、一般佣金代理人或任何其他具獨立地位的代理人在某締約方經營業務，則只要該等人士是在其業務的通常運作中行事的，該企業不得僅因它如此經營業務而被當作在該方設有常設機構。
如屬某締約方的居民的某公司，控制屬另一締約方的居民的其他公司或在該另一締約方(不論是透過常設機構或以其他方式)經營業務的其他公司，或受該其他公司所控制，此項事實本身並不會令上述其中一間公司成為另一間公司的常設機構。
第六條來自不動產的收入
某締約方的居民自位於另一締約方的不動產而取得的收入(包括自農業或林業取得的收入)，只可在該另一方徵稅。
第1款的規定適用於自直接使用、出租或以任何其他形式使用不動產而取得的收入。
第1及3款的規定亦適用於來自企業的不動產的收入。
第七條營業利潤
某締約方的企業的利潤只可在該方徵稅，但如該企業透過位於另一締約方的常設機構在該另一方經營業務則除外。如該企業如前述般經營業務，其利潤可在該另一方徵稅，但以該等利潤中可歸因於該常設機構的利潤為限。
在符合第3及8款的規定下，如某締約方的企業透過位於另一締約方的常設機構在該另一方經營業務，則須在每一締約方將該常設機構在某些情況下可預計獲得的利潤歸因於該機構，該等情況是指假設該常設機構是一間可區分且獨立的企業，在相同或類似的條件下從事相同或類似的活動，並在完全獨立的情況下，與首述企業進行交易。
在斷定某常設機構的利潤時，為該常設機構的目的而招致的開支(包括如此招致的行政和一般管理開支)須容許扣除，不論該等開支是在該常設機構所處的一方或其他地方招致的。
如某締約方習慣上是按照將某企業的總利潤分攤予其不同部分的基準、或按照該方的法律訂明的其他方法的基準，而斷定可歸因於有關常設機構的利潤，則第2款並不阻止該方按此習慣的分攤方法或其他方法斷定該等應課稅的利潤；但採用的方法，須令所得結果符合本條所載列的原則。
不得僅因為某常設機構為有關企業採購貨物或商品，而將利潤歸因於該常設機構。
就以上各款而言，除非有良好而充分的理由需要改變方法，否則每年須採用相同的方法斷定可歸因於有關常設機構的利潤。
如利潤包括在本協定其他條文另有規定的收入項目，該等條文的規定不受本條的規定影響。
凡某締約方按照第2款，將可歸因於其中一個締約方的企業的常設機構的利潤作出調整，並據此對該企業已在另一方課稅的利潤徵稅，則該另一方在消除對該等利潤雙重課稅所需的範圍內，須對就該等利潤徵收的稅額作出適當的調整。在斷定上述調整時，締約雙方的主管當局在有必要的情況下須共同磋商。
第八條航運和空運
某締約方的企業自營運船舶或航空器從事國際運輸所得的利潤，只可在該方徵稅。
第1款的規定亦適用於來自參與聯營、聯合業務或國際營運機構的利潤。
就本條而言，來自營運船舶或航空器從事國際運輸的利潤尤其包括：
營運船舶或航空器從事國際運輸以載運乘客、牲畜、貨物、郵件或商品所得的收益及收入總額，包括：
自以包船或包機形式出租空船舶或空航空器而取得的收入，但該等出租須屬附帶於營運船舶或航空器從事國際運輸的；
自出售與上述載運有關連的船票或機票及提供與上述載運有關連的服務(不論是為有關企業本身或為任何其他企業而出售或提供的)而取得的收入，但就提供服務而言，該等服務的提供須屬附帶於營運船舶及航空器從事國際運輸的；
與營運船舶或航空器從事國際運輸有直接關連的資金所孳生的利息；
來自有關企業出租貨櫃的利潤，但該等出租須屬附帶於營運船舶或航空器從事國際運輸的。
第九條相聯企業
凡，
某締約方的企業直接或間接參與另一締約方的企業的管理、控制或資本，或
相同的人直接或間接參與某締約方的企業的和另一締約方的企業的管理、控制或資本，
而在上述任何一種情況下，該兩間企業之間在商業或財務關係上訂立或施加的條件，是有別於互相獨立的企業之間所訂立的條件的，則若非因該等條件便本應會產生而歸於其中一間企業、但因該等條件而未有產生而歸於該企業的利潤，可計算在該企業的利潤之內，並據此徵稅。
凡某締約方將某些利潤計算在該方的某企業的利潤之內，並據此徵稅，而另一締約方的某企業已在該另一方就該等被計算在內的利潤課稅，如假設上述兩間企業之間訂立的條件正如互相獨立的企業之間所訂立的條件一樣，該等被計算在內的利潤是會產生而歸於首述一方的該企業的，則該另一方須就其對該等利潤徵收的稅額，作出適當的調整。在斷定上述調整時，須充分顧及本協定的其他規定，而締約雙方的主管當局在有必要的情況下須共同磋商。
第十條股息
由屬某締約方的居民的公司支付予另一締約方的居民的股息，只可在該另一方徵稅。如某公司從利潤中支付股息，本款並不影響就該等利潤對該公司徵稅。
凡就某股份支付的股息的實益擁有人是某締約方的居民，支付該股息的公司則是另一締約方的居民，如該擁有人在該另一締約方內透過位於該另一方的常設機構經營業務，且持有該股份是與該常設機構有實際關連的，則第1及2款的規定並不適用。在此情況下，第七條的規定適用。
如某公司是某締約方的居民，並自另一締約方取得利潤或收入，則該另一方不得對該公司就某股份支付的股息徵稅(但在有關股息是支付予該另一方的居民的範圍內，或在持有該股份是與位於該另一方的常設機構有實際關連的範圍內，則屬例外)，而即使支付的股息或未派發利潤的全部或部分，是在該另一方產生的利潤或收入，該另一方亦不得對該公司的未派發利潤徵收未派發利潤的稅項。
第十一條利息
產生於某締約方而支付予另一締約方的居民的利息，只可在該另一方徵稅。
凡就某項債權支付的利息的實益擁有人是某締約方的居民，並在該利息產生所在的另一締約方內，透過位於該另一方的常設機構經營業務，而該債權是與該常設機構有實際關連的，則第1款的規定並不適用。在此情況下，第七條的規定適用。
凡因支付人與實益擁有人之間或他們兩人與某其他人之間的特殊關係，以致就有關債權所支付的利息的款額，在顧及該債權下，屬超出支付人與實益擁有人在沒有上述關係時會同意的款額，則本條的規定只適用於該會同意的款額。在此情況下，多付的部分仍須在充分顧及本協定的其他規定下，按照每一締約方的法律徵稅。
第十二條特許權使用費
產生於某締約方而支付予另一締約方的居民的特許權使用費，可在該另一方徵稅。
然而，在某締約方產生的上述特許權使用費亦可在該締約方按照該方的法律徵稅；但如該等特許權使用費的實益擁有人是另一締約方的居民，則如此徵收的稅款不得超過該等特許權使用費總額的百分之三。締約雙方的主管當局須透過共同協商確定實施該限制稅率的方式。
凡就某權利或財產支付的特許權使用費的實益擁有人是某締約方的居民，並在該特許權使用費產生所在的另一締約方內，透過位於該另一方的常設機構經營業務，而該權利或財產是與該常設機構有實際關連的，則第1及2款的規定並不適用。在此情況下，第七條的規定適用。
如支付特許權使用費的人是某締約方的居民，則該特許權使用費須當作是在該方產生。但如支付特許權使用費的人(不論他是否某締約方的居民)在某締約方設有常設機構，而支付該特許權使用費的法律責任，是在與該機構有關連的情況下招致的，且該特許權使用費是由該機構負擔的，則該特許權使用費須當作是在該機構所在的一方產生。
凡因支付人與實益擁有人之間或他們兩人與某其他人之間的特殊關係，以致就有關使用、權利或資料所支付的特許權使用費的款額，在顧及該使用、權利或資料下，屬超出支付人與實益擁有人在沒有上述關係時會同意的款額，則本條的規定只適用於該會同意的款額。在此情況下，多付的部分仍須在充分顧及本協定的其他規定下，按照每一締約方的法律徵稅。
第十三條資本收益
某締約方的居民自轉讓位於另一締約方並屬第六條所提述的不動產而取得的收益，只可在該另一方徵稅。
如某動產屬某常設機構的業務財產的一部分，而該常設機構是某締約方的企業在另一締約方設立的，則自轉讓該動產而取得的收益，包括自轉讓該機構(單獨轉讓或隨同整個企業轉讓)而取得的收益，可在該另一方徵稅。
某締約方的企業自轉讓被營運從事國際運輸的船舶或航空器而取得的收益，或自轉讓與上述船舶或航空器的營運有關的動產而取得的收益，只可在該方徵稅。
如某締約方的居民自轉讓某公司的股份而取得收益，而該公司超過百分之五十的資產值是直接或間接來自位於另一締約方的不動產的，則該收益可在該另一締約方徵稅。然而，本款不適用於自轉讓以下股份而取得的收益：
在雙方議定的證券交易所上市的股份；或
在一間公司重組、合併、分拆或類似行動的框架內轉讓或交換的股份，而該轉讓或交換是不會招致稅務責任的；或
符合以下說明的公司的股份：該公司有超過百分之五十的資產值，是來自其經營業務所在的不動產。
凡有第1、2、3及4款所提述的財產以外的任何財產被轉讓，而有關轉讓人是某締約方的居民，則自該項轉讓而取得的收益，只可在該方徵稅。
第十四條來自受僱工作的入息
除第十五、十七及十八條另有規定外，某締約方的居民自受僱工作而取得的薪金、工資及其他類似報酬，只可在該方徵稅，但如受僱工作是在另一締約方進行則除外。如受僱工作是在另一締約方進行，則自該受僱工作而取得的報酬可在該另一方徵稅。
儘管有第1款的規定，某締約方的居民自於另一締約方進行的受僱工作而取得的報酬如符合以下條件，則只可在首述一方徵稅：
收款人在於有關的財政年度內開始或結束的任何十二個月的期間中，在該另一方的逗留期間(如多於一段期間則可累計)不超過183天，及
該報酬由一名並非該另一方的居民的僱主支付，或由他人代該僱主支付，及
該報酬並非由該僱主在該另一方設有的常設機構所負擔。
儘管有本條以上各款的規定，自於某締約方的企業所營運從事國際運輸的船舶或航空器上進行受僱工作而取得的報酬，只可在該方徵稅。
第十五條董事酬金
某締約方的居民以其作為屬另一締約方的居民的公司的董事會的成員身分所取得的董事酬金及其他類似付款，可在該另一方徵稅。
第十六條藝人及運動員
儘管有第七及十四條的規定，某締約方的居民作為演藝人員(例如戲劇、電影、電台或電視藝人，或樂師)或作為運動員在另一締約方以上述身分進行其個人活動所取得的收入，可在該另一方徵稅。
演藝人員或運動員以其演藝人員或運動員的身分在某締約方進行個人活動所取得的收入，如並非歸於該演藝人員或運動員本人，而是歸於另一人，則儘管有第七及十四條的規定，該收入可在該締約方徵稅。
第十七條退休金
除第十八條第2款另有規定外，作為過往的受僱工作或過往的自僱工作的代價而支付予某締約方的居民的退休金及其他類似報酬(包括整筆付款)，只可在該方徵稅。
儘管有第1款的規定：
根據某締約方的社會保障法例而支付的退休金及其他類似報酬(包括整筆付款)；或
根據一項可讓個人參與以確保取得退休福利、且在某締約方為稅務目的而獲認可的計劃而支付的退休金及其他類似報酬(包括整筆付款)；
只可在該締約方徵稅。
第十八條政府服務
某締約方的政府或其政治分部或地區主管當局就提供予該方、分部或主管當局的服務而向任何個人支付的薪金、工資及其他類似報酬(退休金除外)，只可在該方徵稅。
然而，如該等服務是在另一締約方提供，而該個人屬該另一方的居民，並且：
就香港特別行政區而言，擁有香港特別行政區的居留權；而就列支敦士登而言，屬列支敦士登的國民；或
不是純粹為提供該等服務而成為該另一方的居民，
則該等薪金、工資及其他類似報酬只可在該另一方徵稅。
某締約方的政府或其政治分部或地區主管當局就提供予該方、分部或主管當局的服務而向任何個人支付的任何退休金(包括整筆付款)，或就上述服務而從該方的政府、分部或主管當局所設立或供款的基金支付予任何個人的任何退休金(包括整筆付款)，只可在該方徵稅。
然而，如提供服務的個人屬另一締約方的居民，且有關個案屬本條第1款(b)段所述者，則相應的退休金(不論是整筆付款或分期支付)只可在該另一締約方繳稅。
第十四、十五、十六及十七條的規定，適用於就在與某締約方的政府、其政治分部或地區主管當局所經營的業務有關連的情況下提供的服務而取得的薪金、工資、退休金(包括整筆付款)及其他類似報酬。
第十九條學生
如學生在緊接前往某締約方之前是或曾是另一締約方的居民，而他逗留在首述一方純粹是為了接受教育，則該學生為了維持其生活或教育的目的而收取的款項，如是在首述一方以外的來源產生，則不得在該方徵稅。
第二十條其他收入
某締約方的居民的各項收入無論在何處產生，如在本協定位於本條之前的各條中未有規定，均只可在該方徵稅。
就某權利或財產支付的收入如非來自第六條第2款所界定的不動產的收入，而該收入的收款人是某締約方的居民，並在另一締約方內透過位於該另一方的常設機構經營業務，且該權利或財產是與該機構有實際關連的，則第1款的規定不適用於該收入。在此情況下，第七條的規定適用。
第二十一條資本
第六條所提述的不動產所代表的資本如由某締約方的居民擁有並處於另一締約方，則只可在該另一方徵稅。
如任何動產構成某常設機構的業務財產的一部分，而該常設機構是某締約方的企業在另一締約方設立的，則該動產所代表的資本，可在該另一方徵稅。
某締約方的企業由營運從事國際運輸的船舶和航空器所代表的資本，以及由關乎該等船舶和航空器的營運的動產所代表的資本，均只可在該締約方徵稅。
某締約方的居民的所有其他資本組成部分，只可在該方徵稅。
第二十二條消除雙重課稅的方法
在不抵觸香港特別行政區的法律中關乎容許在香港特別行政區以外的管轄區繳付的稅項用作抵免香港特別行政區稅項的規定(該等規定並不影響本條的一般性原則)的情況下，如已根據列支敦士登法律和按照本協定，就屬香港特別行政區居民的人自列支敦士登的來源而取得的收入繳付列支敦士登稅項，則不論是直接繳付或以扣除的方式繳付，所繳付的列支敦士登稅項須容許用作抵免就該收入而須繳付的香港特別行政區稅項，但如此獲容許抵免的款額，不得超過按照香港特別行政區的稅務法律就該收入計算所得的香港特別行政區稅項的款額。
在不抵觸列支敦士登有關消除雙重課稅的法律規定(該等規定並不影響本條的一般性原則)的情況下，雙重課稅須按以下方式消除：
凡按照本協定的規定，某列支敦士登的居民取得的收入或擁有的資本是可在香港特別行政區徵稅的，則除(b)及(c)段另有規定外，列支敦士登須豁免對該收入或資本徵稅。然而，列支敦士登在計算該居民其餘收入或資本的稅項的款額時，仍可將獲豁免的收入或資本計算在內。
如某列支敦士登的居民取得的收入按照本協定第十二、十四、十五及十六條是可在香港特別行政區徵稅的，列支敦士登須將按照香港特別行政區法律和本協定的規定繳付的稅項，用於抵免就該收入徵收的列支敦士登稅項。然而，被抵免的稅項的款額，不得超過須就該筆得自香港特別行政區的收入繳付的列支敦士登稅項。
來自第十條涵義之內的股息收入，如由屬香港特別行政區居民的公司支付予屬列支敦士登居民的公司，並且在斷定支付者的利潤時是不可扣除的，則不得在列支敦士登徵稅。
第二十三條反歧視條文
任何人如就香港特別行政區而言享有該處的居留權或在該處成立為法團或以其他方式組成，而就列支敦士登而言屬該國國民，則該人在另一締約方不得受符合以下說明的任何課稅或與之有關連的任何規定所規限：有別於在該另一方(如該另一方是香港特別行政區)享有該處的居留權或在該處成立為法團或以其他方式組成的人，或有別於屬該另一方(如該另一方是列支敦士登)的國民，在相同情況下(尤其是在居住方面)須接受或可接受的課稅及與之有關連的規定，或較之為嚴苛。儘管有第一條的規定，本規定亦適用於並非締約一方或雙方的居民的人。
無國籍的人如屬某締約方的居民，則該等人士在任何締約方不得受符合以下說明的任何課稅或與之有關連的任何規定所規限：有別於在該方(如該方是香港特別行政區)享有該處的居留權的人，或有別於該方(如該方是列支敦士登)的國民，在相同情況下(尤其是在居住方面)須接受或可接受的課稅及與之有關連的規定，或較之為嚴苛。
某締約方的企業設於另一締約方的常設機構在該另一方的課稅待遇，不得遜於進行相同活動的該另一方的企業的課稅待遇。凡某締約方以公民身分或家庭責任的理由，而為課稅的目的授予其本身的居民任何個人免稅額、稅務寬免及扣減，本條的規定不得解釋為使該締約方有責任將該免稅額、稅務寬免及扣減授予另一締約方的居民。
除第九條第1款、第十一條第4款或第十二條第6款的規定適用的情況外，某締約方的企業支付予另一締約方的居民的利息、特許權使用費及其他支出，為斷定該企業的須課稅利潤的目的，須根據相同的條件而可予扣除，猶如該等款項是支付予首述一方的居民一樣。同樣地，由某締約方的企業欠另一締約方的居民的債務，為斷定該企業的須課稅資本的目的，須根據相同的條件而可予扣除，猶如該等債務是欠首述一方的居民一樣。
如某締約方的企業的資本的全部或部分，是由另一締約方的一名或多於一名居民直接或間接擁有或控制，則該企業在首述一方不得受符合以下說明的任何課稅或與之有關連的任何規定所規限：有別於首述一方的其他類似企業須接受或可接受的課稅及與之有關連的規定，或較之為嚴苛。
儘管有第二條的規定，本條的規定適用於所有種類和名目的稅項。
第二十四條雙方協商程序
如任何人認為任何締約方或締約雙方的行動導致或將導致對他作出不符合本協定規定的課稅時，則無論該等締約方的當地法律的補救辦法如何，該人如屬某締約方的居民，可將其案件呈交該締約方的主管當局；如其案件屬第二十三條第1款的情況，而他享有某締約方的居留權或在某締約方成立為法團或以其他方式組成(就香港特別行政區而言)，或他屬某締約方的國民(就列支敦士登而言)，則他可將其案件呈交該締約方的主管當局。該案件必須於就導致不符合本協定規定課稅的行動發出首次通知之時起計的三年內呈交。
如有關主管當局覺得所提反對屬有理可據，而它不能獨力達致令人滿意的解決方案，它須致力與另一締約方的主管當局透過共同協商解決該個案，以避免不符合本協定的課稅。任何達成的協議均須予以執行，不論締約雙方的當地法律所設的時限為何。
締約雙方的主管當局須致力透過共同協商，解決就本協定的詮釋或適用而產生的任何困難或疑問。締約雙方的主管當局亦可共同磋商，以消除在本協定沒有訂明的情況下的雙重課稅。在此情況下，無須按照第1款將案件呈交。
締約雙方的主管當局可為達成以上各款所述的協議而直接(包括透過由雙方的主管當局或其代表組成的聯合委員會)與對方聯絡。
凡，
任何人根據第1款，以某締約方或締約雙方的行動導致了對該人作出不符合本協定規定的課稅為理由，將案件呈交某締約方的主管當局；而
締約雙方的主管當局於案件呈交予另一締約方的主管當局的兩年之內，未能依據第2款達成協議解決該個案；
則如該人要求，因該個案而產生的任何尚未解決的爭議點須提交仲裁。但如已有任何締約方的法院或行政審裁處就此等尚未解決的爭議點作出裁定，該等爭議點不得提交仲裁。除非某名直接受該個案影響的人不接受實施有關仲裁裁定的共同協議，否則該裁定對締約雙方均具約束力，並儘管在締約雙方的當地法律中有任何時限，該裁定須予以實施。締約雙方的主管當局須透過共同協商確定施行本款的方式。
第二十五條資料交換
凡資料屬可預見攸關實施本協定的規定的資料，或可預見攸關施行或強制執行締約雙方關於本協定所涵蓋的稅項的當地法律(但以根據該等法律作出的課稅不違反本協定者為限)的資料，締約雙方的主管當局須交換該等資料。該等資料交換不受第一條的規定所限制。
某締約方根據第1款收到的任何資料均須保密處理，其方式須等同於處理根據該方的當地法律而取得的資料，該資料只可向以下人員或當局披露︰與第1款所提述的稅項的評估或徵收、執行或檢控有關，或與關乎該等稅項的上訴的裁決有關的人員或當局(包括法院及行政機關)。該等人員或當局只可為該等目的使用該資料。他們可在公眾法庭的法律程序中或在司法裁定中披露該資料。
在任何情況下，第1及2款的規定均不得解釋為向某締約方施加作出以下作為的責任：
實施有異於該締約方或另一締約方的法律及行政慣例的行政措施；
提供根據該締約方或另一締約方的法律或在該締約方或另一締約方的正常行政運作過程中不能獲取的資料；
提供會披露任何貿易、業務、工業、商業或專業秘密或貿易程序的資料，或提供若遭披露即屬違反公共政策的資料。
如某締約方按照本條請求提供資料，則另一締約方即使未必為其本身的稅務目的而需要該資料，仍須以其收集資料措施取得所請求的資料。前述句子所載的責任，受第3款的限制所規限，但在任何情況下，該等限制不得解釋為容許某締約方純粹因資料無關其本土利益而拒絕提供該資料。
在任何情況下，第3款的規定均不得解釋為容許某締約方純粹因以下理由而拒絕提供該資料︰該資料是由某銀行、其他金融機構、代名人或以代理人或受信人身分行事的人所持有，或該資料關乎某人的擁有權權益。
第二十六條政府代表團成員
本協定並不影響政府代表團(包括領館)成員根據國際法的一般規則或特別協定的規定享有的財政特權。
第二十七條議定書
隨附的議定書是本協定整體的一部分。
第二十八條協定的生效
每一締約方均須以書面通知另一締約方已完成其法律規定的使本協定生效的程序。本協定自上述通知的較後一份的日期起生效。
本協定的條文一旦生效，隨即：
在香港特別行政區，對在本協定生效的公曆年的翌年4月1日或之後開始的任何課稅年度具有效力；
在列支敦士登，對在本協定生效的公曆年的翌年1月1日或之後開始的任何稅務年度具有效力。
第二十九條終止協定
本協定維持有效，直至被任何締約方終止為止。任何締約方均可在本協定生效後第五年之後的任何公曆年完結的最少六個月之前，向另一締約方發出書面終止通知，終止本協定。在該情況下，本協定：
在香港特別行政區，不再對在有關通知發出的公曆年的翌年4月1日或之後開始的任何課稅年度具有效力；
在列支敦士登，不再對在有關通知發出的公曆年的翌年1月1日或之後開始的任何稅務年度具有效力。
With respect to Article 3, it is understood that the terms “Hong Kong Special Administrative Region tax” and “Liechtenstein tax” do not include any penalty or interest (including, in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, any sum added to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region tax by reason of default and recovered therewith and “additional tax” under section 82A of the Inland Revenue Ordinance) imposed under the laws of either Contracting Party relating to the taxes to which the Agreement applies by virtue of Article 2.
With respect to Article 25, it is understood that:
this Article only obliges the Contracting Parties to exchange information upon request, and only in respect of taxable periods for which the provisions of the Agreement have effect;
exchange of information according to paragraph 1 of this Article refers to information that is foreseeably relevant to the determination, assessment and collection of such taxes with respect to persons subject to such taxes, or the investigation in or prosecution of criminal tax matters in relation to such persons;
the information exchanged:
may not be used for any purpose other than the purposes stated in paragraph 1 of this Article; and
shall not be disclosed to any third jurisdiction for any purpose;
personal data may only be transmitted to the extent necessary for the exchange of information according to this Article and subject to the provisions of the law of the supplying Contracting Party;
information received by the requested Contracting Party in conjunction with a request for assistance under this Article shall likewise be treated as confidential in the requested Contracting Party;
in addition to the circumstances described in paragraph 3 of this Article, a request for exchange of information can be declined, if the request for information is not in conformity with the Agreement, does not meet the requirements laid out in subparagraph (g) hereof, or if:
the requesting Contracting Party has not pursued all means available in its own territory to obtain the information, except where recourse to such means would give rise to disproportionate difficulty; or
the information is requested by the requesting Contracting Party to administer or enforce a provision of the tax law of the requesting Contracting Party, or any requirement connected therewith, which discriminates against a person who, in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, has the right of abode or is incorporated or otherwise constituted therein, and, in the case of Liechtenstein, is its national, as compared with a person who, in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, has the right of abode or is incorporated or otherwise constituted therein, and, in the case of Liechtenstein, is its national in the same circumstances; or
the information requested is subject to legal privilege;
any request for information shall in all cases specify, in particular, in writing:
the identity of the taxpayer under examination or investigation;
the taxable period for which the information is sought;
a statement of the information sought including its nature and the form in which the requesting Contracting Party wishes to receive the information from the requested Contracting Party;
the matter under the requesting Contracting Party’s tax law with respect to which the information is sought;
grounds for believing that the information requested is foreseeably relevant to the administration and enforcement of the domestic tax laws of the requesting Contracting Party with regard to the person specified in subparagraph (b);
grounds for believing that the information requested is held in the requested Contracting Party or is in the possession or control of a person within the jurisdiction of the requested Contracting Party;
to the extent known, the name and address of any person believed to be in possession of the requested information;
a statement that the request is in conformity with the law and administrative practices of the requesting Contracting Party, that if the requested information was within the jurisdiction of the requesting Contracting Party then the competent authority of the requesting Contracting Party would be able to obtain the information under the laws or in the normal course of administrative practice of the requesting Contracting Party and that it is in conformity with the Agreement; and
a statement that the requesting Contracting Party has pursued all means available in its own territory to obtain the information, except those that would give rise to disproportionate difficulty.
(Chinese Translation)
就第三條而言，按締約雙方理解“香港特別行政區稅項”及“列支敦士登稅項”兩詞不包括根據任何締約方有關法律所徵收的任何罰款或利息；而就香港特別行政區而言，有關罰款或利息包括因拖欠香港特別行政區稅項而加收並連同欠款一併追討的款項及《稅務條例》第82A條所指的“補加稅”。有關法律，是指關乎本協定適用(屬憑藉第二條而適用)的稅項的法律。
就第二十五條而言，按締約雙方理解：
本條只規定締約雙方在收到請求的情況下，方須交換資料，並只須交換就關乎本協定的規定對之有效的課稅期的資料；
按照本條第1款交換的資料，是指可預見攸關須繳付該等稅項的人士的該等稅項的斷定、評估和徵收的資料，或可預見攸關對關乎該等人士的刑事稅務事宜進行調查或檢控的資料；
所交換的資料：
除本條第1款述明的目的外，不可用於任何目的；及
不論目的為何，不得向任何第三司法管轄區披露；
可傳送個人資料，但僅限於傳送為按照本條交換資料而屬必要的資料，並須符合提供資料的締約方的法律規定；
被請求提供資料的締約方，在該方內對根據本條提出的協助請求，以及連同該請求一起收到的資料，均須同樣地保密處理；
除本條第3款描述的情況外，在以下情況下，交換資料的請求可予拒絕：如該提供資料的請求並不符合本協定，或不符合本款(g)段所列規定，或如：
請求提供資料的締約方未用盡在其地區內可用的方法以取得該等資料(採用引致超乎比例的難處的方法除外)；或
請求提供資料的締約方請求提供有關資料的目的，是藉該資料施行或強制執行該方稅務法律的規定或任何與之有關連的規定，而該稅務法律的規定或有關連的規定是使某人(就香港特別行政區而言，指享有該處的居留權或在該處成立為法團或以其他方式組成的人，而就列支敦士登而言，則指其國民)在相同情況下，相比另一人而言(就香港特別行政區而言，指享有該處的居留權或在該處成立為法團或以其他方式組成的人，而就列支敦士登而言，則指其國民)受到歧視；或
所請求提供的資料享有法律特權；
在任何情況下，提供資料的請求尤其須以書面指明：
被審查或調查的納稅人的身分；
尋求的資料所涉及的課稅期；
一份述明所尋求的資料的陳述書，包括該等資料的性質及請求提供資料的締約方欲以何形式收取被請求提供資料的締約方提供的該等資料；
尋求的資料所涉及的在請求提供資料的締約方的稅務法律下的事宜；
相信請求的資料是可預見攸關請求提供資料的締約方就(b)段指明的人施行和強制執行當地稅務法律的理由；
相信被請求提供資料的締約方持有所請求的資料的理由，或相信該等資料是由被請求提供資料的締約方的管轄區內的某人管有或控制的理由；
在所知的範圍內，相信管有所請求的資料的人的姓名或名稱及地址；
一份述明以下事宜的陳述：該請求符合請求提供資料的締約方的法律及行政慣例，如所請求的資料是在請求提供資料的締約方的管轄區內，則請求提供資料的締約方的主管當局能根據該方的法律或在該方的行政慣例的正常過程中取得該資料，以及該項請求符合本協定；及
一份述明以下事宜的陳述：請求提供資料的締約方已用盡在其地區內可用的方法以取得該等資料(引致超乎比例的難處的方法除外)。