Cap. 112BL 《稅務(關於收入稅項的雙重課稅寬免和防止逃稅)(荷蘭王國)令》Inland Revenue (Double Taxation Relief and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income) (Kingdom of the Netherlands) Order

1.

This Agreement shall apply to taxes on income imposed on behalf of a Contracting Party or of its political subdivisions or local authorities, irrespective of the manner in which they are levied.

2.

There shall be regarded as taxes on income all taxes imposed on total income, or on elements of income, including taxes on gains from the alienation of movable or immovable property, taxes on the total amounts of wages or salaries paid by enterprises, as well as taxes on capital appreciation.

3.

The existing taxes to which this Agreement shall apply are in particular:

4.

This Agreement shall apply also to any identical or substantially similar taxes that are imposed after the date of signature of this Agreement in addition to, or in place of, the existing taxes, as well as any other taxes falling within paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article which a Contracting Party may impose in future. The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall notify each other of any significant changes that have been made in their taxation laws.

5.

The existing taxes, together with the taxes imposed after the signature of this Agreement, are hereinafter referred to as “Hong Kong Special Administrative Region tax” and “Netherlands tax” respectively.

1.

For the purposes of this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires:

2.

As regards the application of this Agreement at any time by a Contracting Party, any term not defined therein shall, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meaning that it has at that time under the law of that Contracting Party for the purposes of the taxes to which this Agreement applies, any meaning under the applicable tax laws of that Contracting Party prevailing over a meaning given to the term under other laws of that Contracting Party.

1.

For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “resident of a Contracting Party” means:

2.

The term “resident of a Contracting Party” also includes:

3.

Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 an individual is a resident of both Contracting Parties, then his status shall be determined as follows:

4.

Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 a person other than an individual is a resident of both Contracting Parties, the competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall endeavour to settle the question by mutual agreement. In the absence of such an agreement, such person shall not be entitled to claim any benefits under this Agreement, except that such person may claim the benefits of Articles 23 (Non-discrimination) and 24 (Mutual Agreement Procedure), and the competent authorities may determine by mutual agreement the mode of application of the rest of this Agreement to that person.

1.

For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “permanent establishment” means a fixed place of business through which the business of an enterprise is wholly or partly carried on.

2.

The term “permanent establishment” includes especially:

3.

The term “permanent establishment” also encompasses a building site, a construction, assembly, installation or dredging project, but only if such site or project lasts more than six months.

4.

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, where an enterprise of a Contracting Party performs services in the other Contracting Party

the activities carried on in that other Contracting Party in performing these services shall be deemed to be carried on through a permanent establishment of the enterprise situated in that other Contracting Party, unless these services are limited to those mentioned in paragraph 5 which, if performed through a fixed place of business, would not make this fixed place of business a permanent establishment under the provisions of that paragraph. For the purposes of this paragraph, services performed by an individual on behalf of one enterprise shall not be considered to be performed by another enterprise through that individual unless that other enterprise supervises, directs or controls the manner in which these services are performed by the individual.

5.

Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, the term “permanent establishment” shall be deemed not to include:

6.

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2, where a person - other than an agent of an independent status to whom paragraph 7 applies - is acting in a Contracting Party on behalf of an enterprise of the other Contracting Party, that enterprise shall be deemed to have a permanent establishment in the first-mentioned Contracting Party in respect of any activities which that person undertakes for the enterprise, if such a person has, and habitually exercises, in that Contracting Party an authority to conclude contracts in the name of the enterprise, unless the activities of such person are limited to those mentioned in paragraph 5 which, if exercised through a fixed place of business, would not make this fixed place of business a permanent establishment under the provisions of that paragraph.

7.

An enterprise shall not be deemed to have a permanent establishment in a Contracting Party merely because it carries on business in that Contracting Party through a broker, general commission agent or any other agent of an independent status, provided that such persons are acting in the ordinary course of their business.

8.

The fact that a company which is a resident of a Contracting Party controls or is controlled by a company which is a resident of the other Contracting Party, or which carries on business in that other Contracting Party (whether through a permanent establishment or otherwise), shall not of itself constitute either company a permanent establishment of the other.

1.

Income derived by a resident of a Contracting Party from immovable property (including income from agriculture or forestry) situated in the other Contracting Party may be taxed in that other Contracting Party.

2.

The term “immovable property” shall have the meaning which it has under the law of the Contracting Party in which the property in question is situated. The term shall in any case include property accessory to immovable property, livestock and equipment used in agriculture and forestry, rights to which the provisions of general law respecting landed property apply, usufruct of immovable property and rights to variable or fixed payments as consideration for the working of, or the right to explore for or work, mineral deposits, quarries, sources and other natural resources; ships and aircraft shall not be regarded as immovable property.

3.

The provisions of paragraph 1 shall apply to income derived from the direct use, letting, or use in any other form of immovable property.

4.

The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 3 shall also apply to the income from immovable property of an enterprise.

1.

The profits of an enterprise of a Contracting Party shall be taxable only in that Contracting Party unless the enterprise carries on business in the other Contracting Party through a permanent establishment situated therein. If the enterprise carries on business as aforesaid, the profits of the enterprise may be taxed in the other Contracting Party, but only so much of them as is attributable to that permanent establishment.

2.

Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3, where an enterprise of a Contracting Party carries on business in the other Contracting Party through a permanent establishment situated therein, there shall in each Contracting Party be attributed to that permanent establishment the profits which it might be expected to make if it were a distinct and separate enterprise engaged in the same or similar activities under the same or similar conditions and dealing wholly independently with the enterprise of which it is a permanent establishment or with other enterprises with which it deals.

3.

In determining the profits of a permanent establishment, there shall be allowed as deductions expenses which are incurred for the purposes of the permanent establishment, including executive and general administrative expenses so incurred, whether in the Contracting Party in which the permanent establishment is situated or elsewhere.

4.

Insofar as it has been customary in a Contracting Party to determine the profits to be attributed to a permanent establishment on the basis of an apportionment of the total profits of the enterprise to its various parts, nothing in paragraph 2 shall preclude that Contracting Party from determining the profits to be taxed by such an apportionment as may be customary; the method of apportionment adopted shall, however, be such that the result shall be in accordance with the principles contained in this Article.

5.

No profits shall be attributed to a permanent establishment by reason of the mere purchase by that permanent establishment of goods or merchandise for the enterprise.

6.

If the information available to the taxation authority of a Contracting Party is inadequate to determine the profits to be attributed to the permanent establishment of an enterprise, nothing in this Article shall affect the application of any law of that Contracting Party relating to the determination of the tax liability of a person provided that that law shall be applied in accordance with the principles of this Article, so far as the information available to the taxation authority permits.

7.

For the purposes of the preceding paragraphs, the profits to be attributed to the permanent establishment shall be determined by the same method year by year unless there is good and sufficient reason to the contrary.

8.

Where profits include items of income which are dealt with separately in other Articles of this Agreement, then the provisions of those Articles shall not be affected by the provisions of this Article.

1.

Profits of an enterprise of a Contracting Party from the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic shall be taxable only in that Contracting Party.

2.

The provisions of paragraph 1 shall also apply to profits from the participation in a pool, a joint business or an international operating agency.

1.

Where:

and in either case conditions are made or imposed between the two enterprises in their commercial or financial relations which differ from those which would be made between independent enterprises, then any profits which would, but for those conditions, have accrued to one of the enterprises, but, by reason of those conditions, have not so accrued, may be included in the profits of that enterprise and taxed accordingly. It is understood, however, that the fact that associated enterprises have concluded arrangements, such as cost sharing arrangements or general services agreements, for or based on the allocation of executive, general administrative, technical and commercial expenses, research and development expenses and other similar expenses, is not in itself a condition as meant in the preceding sentence.

2.

Where a Contracting Party includes in the profits of an enterprise of that Party - and taxes accordingly - profits on which an enterprise of the other Contracting Party has been charged to tax in that other Contracting Party and the profits so included are profits which would have accrued to the enterprise of the first-mentioned Contracting Party if the conditions made between the two enterprises had been those which would have been made between independent enterprises, then that other Contracting Party shall make an appropriate adjustment to the amount of the tax charged therein on those profits. In determining such adjustment, due regard shall be had to the other provisions of this Agreement and for this purpose the competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall if necessary consult each other.

1.

Dividends paid by a company which is a resident of a Contracting Party to a resident of the other Contracting Party may be taxed in that other Contracting Party.

2.

However, such dividends may also be taxed in the Contracting Party of which the company paying the dividends is a resident and according to the laws of that Contracting Party, but if the beneficial owner of the dividends is a resident of the other Contracting Party, the tax so charged shall not exceed 10 per cent of the gross amount of the dividends.

3.

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2, the Contracting Party of which the company paying the dividends is a resident shall not levy a tax on dividends paid by that company, if the beneficial owner of the dividends is:

4.

The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of these limitations.

5.

The provisions of paragraphs 2 and 3 shall not affect the taxation of the company in respect of the profits out of which the dividends are paid.

6.

The term “dividends” as used in this Article means income from shares, “jouissance” shares or “jouissance” rights, mining shares, founders’ shares or other rights, not being debt-claims, participating in profits, as well as income from other corporate rights which is subjected to the same taxation treatment as income from shares by the laws of the Contracting Party of which the company making the distribution is a resident.

7.

The provisions of paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 9 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the dividends, being a resident of a Contracting Party, carries on business in the other Contracting Party, of which the company paying the dividends is a resident, through a permanent establishment situated therein and the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment. In such case the provisions of Article 7 shall apply.

8.

Where a company which is a resident of a Contracting Party derives profits or income from the other Contracting Party, that other Contracting Party may not impose any tax on the dividends paid by the company, except insofar as such dividends are paid to a resident of that other Contracting Party or insofar as the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with a permanent establishment situated in that other Contracting Party, nor subject the company’s undistributed profits to a tax on the company’s undistributed profits, even if the dividends paid or the undistributed profits consist wholly or partly of profits or income arising in such other Contracting Party.

9.

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1, 2 and 8, dividends paid by a company whose capital is divided into shares and which under the laws of a Contracting Party is a resident of that Contracting Party, to an individual who is a resident of the other Contracting Party may be taxed in the first-mentioned Contracting Party in accordance with the laws of that Contracting Party, if that individual - either alone or with his or her spouse - or one of their relations by blood or marriage in the direct line directly or indirectly holds at least 5 per cent of the issued capital of a particular class of shares in that company.

1.

Interest arising in a Contracting Party and beneficially owned by a resident of the other Contracting Party shall be taxable only in that other Contracting Party.

2.

The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of paragraph 1.

3.

The term “interest” as used in this Article means income from debt-claims of every kind, whether or not secured by mortgage and whether or not carrying a right to participate in the debtor’s profits, and in particular, income from government securities and income from bonds or debentures, including premiums and prizes attaching to such securities, bonds or debentures. Penalty charges for late payment shall not be regarded as interest for the purpose of this Article.

4.

The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the interest, being a resident of a Contracting Party, carries on business in the other Contracting Party in which the interest arises, through a permanent establishment situated therein, and the debt-claim in respect of which the interest is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment. In such case the provisions of Article 7 shall apply.

5.

Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the interest exceeds, for whatever reasons, the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting Party, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Agreement.

1.

Royalties arising in a Contracting Party and paid to or deemed to be paid to a resident of the other Contracting Party may be taxed in that other Contracting Party.

2.

However, such royalties may also be taxed in the Contracting Party in which they arise and according to the laws of that Contracting Party, but if the beneficial owner of the royalties is a resident of the other Contracting Party, the tax so charged shall not exceed 3 per cent of the gross amount of the royalties. The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of this limitation.

3.

The term “royalties” as used in this Article means payments of any kind received as a consideration for the use of, or the right to use, any copyright of literary, artistic or scientific work including cinematograph films, or films or tapes used for radio or television broadcasting, any patent, trade mark, design or model, plan, secret formula or process, or for the use of, or the right to use, industrial, commercial or scientific equipment or for information concerning industrial, commercial or scientific experience.

4.

The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the royalties, being a resident of a Contracting Party, carries on business in the other Contracting Party in which the royalties arise, through a permanent establishment situated therein and the right or property in respect of which the royalties are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment. In such case the provisions of Article 7 shall apply.

5.

Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the royalties exceeds, for whatever reasons, the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting Party, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Agreement.

6.

Royalties shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting Party when the payer is a resident of that Contracting Party. Where, however, the person paying the royalties, whether he is a resident of a Contracting Party or not, has in a Contracting Party a permanent establishment in connection with which the liability to pay the royalties was incurred, and such royalties are borne by such permanent establishment, then such royalties shall be deemed to arise in the Contracting Party in which the permanent establishment is situated.

1.

Gains derived by a resident of a Contracting Party from the alienation of immovable property referred to in Article 6 and situated in the other Contracting Party may be taxed in that other Contracting Party.

2.

Gains from the alienation of movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting Party has in the other Contracting Party, including such gains from the alienation of such a permanent establishment (alone or with the whole enterprise) may be taxed in that other Contracting Party.

3.

Gains derived by an enterprise of a Contracting Party from the alienation of ships or aircraft operated in international traffic or movable property pertaining to the operation of such ships or aircraft, shall be taxable only in that Contracting Party.

4.

Gains derived by a resident of a Contracting Party from the alienation of shares in a company deriving more than 50 per cent of its asset value directly or indirectly from immovable property situated in the other Contracting Party may be taxed in that other Contracting Party provided that the resident owns, directly or indirectly, a minimum of 5 per cent of the issued shares. However, this paragraph does not apply to gains derived from the alienation of shares:

5.

Gains from the alienation of any property, other than that referred to in paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 4, shall be taxable only in the Contracting Party of which the alienator is a resident.

6.

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 5, a Contracting Party may, in accordance with its own laws, including the interpretation of the term “alienation”, levy tax on gains derived by an individual who is a resident of the other Contracting Party from the alienation of shares in, “jouissance” rights or debt-claims on a company whose capital is divided into shares and which, under the laws of the first-mentioned Contracting Party, is a resident of that Contracting Party, and from the alienation of part of the rights attached to the said shares, “jouissance” rights or debt-claims, if that individual - either alone or with his or her spouse - or one of their relations by blood or marriage in the direct line directly or indirectly holds at least 5 per cent of the issued capital of a particular class of shares in that company.

1.

Subject to the provisions of Articles 15, 17 and 18, salaries, wages and other similar remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting Party in respect of an employment shall be taxable only in that Contracting Party unless the employment is exercised in the other Contracting Party. If the employment is so exercised, such remuneration as is derived therefrom may be taxed in that other Contracting Party.

2.

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting Party in respect of an employment exercised in the other Contracting Party shall be taxable only in the first-mentioned Contracting Party if:

3.

Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, remuneration derived in respect of an employment exercised aboard a ship or aircraft operated in international traffic by an enterprise of a Contracting Party, shall be taxable only in that Contracting Party.

1.

Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 7 and 14, income derived by a resident of a Contracting Party as an entertainer, such as a theatre, motion picture, radio or television artiste, or a musician, or as a sportsperson, from his personal activities as such exercised in the other Contracting Party, may be taxed in that other Contracting Party.

2.

Where income in respect of personal activities exercised by an entertainer or a sportsperson in his capacity as such accrues not to the entertainer or sportsperson himself but to another person, that income may, notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 7 and 14, be taxed in the Contracting Party in which the activities of the entertainer or sportsperson are exercised.

3.

The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article shall not apply to remuneration derived from activities performed in a Contracting Party by an entertainer or a sportsperson from the other Contracting Party, if the visit to the first-mentioned Contracting Party is substantially supported by public funds of the other Contracting Party including its local authority or statutory body. In such a case the remuneration shall be taxable only in the Contracting Party of which the entertainer or sportsperson is a resident.

1.

Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 18, pensions and other similar remuneration (including a lump sum payment) in consideration of past employment or self-employment, and annuities (including a lump sum payment), arising in a Contracting Party and paid to a resident of the other Contracting Party may be taxed in the first-mentioned Contracting Party.

2.

Pensions and other payments paid out under the social security legislation of a Contracting Party to a resident of the other Contracting Party may be taxed in the first-mentioned Contracting Party.

3.

Pensions and other similar remuneration (including a lump sum payment) and annuities (including a lump sum payment) shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting Party:

The transfer of a pension or other similar remuneration, or an annuity from a pension fund or an insurance company in a Contracting Party to a pension fund or an insurance company in any place outside that Contracting Party shall not restrict in any way the taxing rights of the first-mentioned Contracting Party under this Article.

4.

The term “annuity” means a stated sum payable periodically at stated times during life or during a specified or ascertainable period of time under an obligation to make the payments in return for adequate and full consideration in money or money’s worth.

5.

For the purposes of this Article in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,

6.

Periodic payments, made pursuant to a written separation agreement or a decree of divorce, separation maintenance, or compulsory support, including payments for the support of a child, as well as lump sum payments in lieu thereof, paid by a resident of a Contracting Party to a resident of the other Contracting Party, shall not be taxable in either Contracting Party if the payer is not entitled in the first-mentioned Contracting Party to deduction from tax for any such payments. However, if the payer is entitled in the first-mentioned Contracting Party to deduction from tax for any such payments, such payments may be taxed in either Contracting Party.

1.

2.

3.

The provisions of the preceding paragraphs of this Article shall not apply to salaries, wages and other similar remuneration, or to pensions (including a lump sum payment), in respect of services rendered in connection with a business carried on by the Government of a Contracting Party or a political subdivision or a local authority thereof. In that case, the provisions of Articles 14, 15, 16 and 17, as the case may be, shall apply.

1.

Items of income beneficially owned by a resident of a Contracting Party, wherever arising, not dealt with in the foregoing Articles of this Agreement shall be taxable only in that Contracting Party.

2.

The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply to income, other than income from immovable property as defined in paragraph 2 of Article 6, if the beneficial owner of such income, being a resident of a Contracting Party, carries on business in the other Contracting Party through a permanent establishment situated therein and the right or property in respect of which the income is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment. In such case the provisions of Article 7 shall apply.

3.

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2, items of income not dealt with in the foregoing Articles of this Agreement derived by a resident of a Contracting Party from sources in the other Contracting Party may also be taxed in that other Contracting Party.

1.

The Netherlands, when imposing tax on its residents, may include in the basis upon which such taxes are imposed the items of income which, according to the provisions of this Agreement, may be taxed or shall be taxable only in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

2.

However, where a resident of the Netherlands derives items of income which according to paragraphs 1, 3 and 4 of Article 6, paragraph 1 of Article 7, paragraph 7 of Article 10, paragraph 4 of Article 11, paragraph 4 of Article 12, paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 13, paragraphs 1 and 3 of Article 14, paragraphs 1 (subparagraph (a)) and 2 (subparagraph (a)) of Article 18 and paragraph 2 of Article 20 of this Agreement may be taxed or shall be taxable only in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and are included in the basis referred to in paragraph 1, the Netherlands shall exempt such items of income by allowing a reduction of its tax. This reduction shall be computed in conformity with the provisions of the Netherlands law for the avoidance of double taxation. For that purpose the said items of income shall be deemed to be included in the amount of the items of income which are exempt from Netherlands tax under those provisions.

3.

Further, the Netherlands shall allow a deduction from the Netherlands tax so computed for the items of income which according to paragraphs 2 and 9 of Article 10, paragraph 2 of Article 12, paragraphs 4 and 6 of Article 13, Article 15, paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 16, paragraphs 1, 2 and 6 of Article 17 and paragraph 3 of Article 20 of this Agreement may be taxed in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to the extent that these items are included in the basis referred to in paragraph 1. The amount of this deduction shall be equal to the tax paid in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on these items of income, but shall, in case the provisions of the Netherlands law for the avoidance of double taxation provide so, not exceed the amount of the deduction which would be allowed if the items of income so included were the sole items of income which are exempt from Netherlands tax under the provisions of the Netherlands law for the avoidance of double taxation.

This paragraph shall not restrict allowance now or hereafter accorded by the provisions of the Netherlands law for the avoidance of double taxation, but only as far as the calculation of the amount of the deduction of Netherlands tax is concerned with respect to the aggregation of income from more than one country and the carry forward of the tax paid in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the said items of income to subsequent years.

4.

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2, the Netherlands shall allow a deduction from the Netherlands tax or the tax paid in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on items of income which according to paragraph 1 of Article 7, paragraph 7 of Article 10, paragraph 4 of Article 11, paragraph 4 of Article 12 and paragraph 2 of Article 20 of this Agreement may be taxed in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to the extent that these items are included in the basis referred to in paragraph 1, insofar as the Netherlands under the provisions of the Netherlands law for the avoidance of double taxation allows a deduction from the Netherlands tax of the tax levied in another country on such items of income. For the computation of this deduction the provisions of paragraph 3 of this Article shall apply accordingly.

5.

In the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, subject to the provisions of the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region relating to the allowance of a credit against Hong Kong Special Administrative Region tax of tax paid in a jurisdiction outside the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (which shall not affect the general principle of this Article), Netherlands tax paid under the laws of the Netherlands and in accordance with this Agreement, whether directly or by deduction, in respect of income derived by a person who is a resident of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region from sources in the Netherlands, shall be allowed as a credit against Hong Kong Special Administrative Region tax payable in respect of that income, provided that the credit so allowed does not exceed the amount of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region tax computed in respect of that income in accordance with the tax laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

1.

The provisions of this Article shall apply notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement. However, this Article shall not apply where offshore activities of a person constitute for that person a permanent establishment under the provisions of Article 5.

2.

In this Article the term “offshore activities” means activities which are carried on offshore in connection with the exploration or exploitation of the seabed and its subsoil and their natural resources, situated in a Contracting Party.

3.

An enterprise of a Contracting Party which carries on offshore activities in the other Contracting Party shall, subject to paragraph 4 of this Article, be deemed to carry on, in respect of those activities, business in that other Contracting Party through a permanent establishment situated therein, unless the offshore activities in question are carried on in the other Contracting Party for a period or periods of less than in the aggregate 30 days in any twelve month period.

For the purposes of this paragraph:

4.

However, for the purposes of paragraph 3 of this Article the term “offshore activities” shall be deemed not to include:

5.

Notwithstanding the second sentence of paragraph 1 of this Article, salaries, wages and other similar remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting Party in respect of an employment connected with offshore activities carried on through a permanent establishment in the other Contracting Party may, to the extent that the employment is exercised offshore in that other Contracting Party, be taxed in that other Contracting Party.

6.

Where documentary evidence is produced that tax has been paid in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the items of income which may be taxed or shall be taxable only in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region according to Article 7 and Article 14 in connection with paragraph 3 of this Article and according to paragraph 5 of this Article, the Netherlands shall allow a reduction of its tax, which shall be computed in conformity with the rules laid down in paragraph 2 of Article 21.

1.

Persons who, in the case of the Netherlands, are nationals, and, in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, have the right of abode or are incorporated or otherwise constituted therein, shall not be subjected in the other Contracting Party to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith, which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which persons who have the right of abode or are incorporated or otherwise constituted in that other Contracting Party (where that other Contracting Party is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region) or nationals of that other Contracting Party (where that other Contracting Party is the Netherlands) in the same circumstances, in particular with respect to residence, are or may be subjected. This provision shall, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 1, also apply to persons who are not residents of one or both of the Contracting Parties.

2.

Stateless persons who are residents of a Contracting Party shall not be subjected in either Contracting Party to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith, which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which nationals of the Contracting Party (where the Contracting Party is the Netherlands) or persons who have the right of abode in the Contracting Party (where the Contracting Party is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region) in the same circumstances, in particular with respect to residence, are or may be subjected.

3.

The taxation on a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting Party has in the other Contracting Party shall not be less favourably levied in that other Contracting Party than the taxation levied on enterprises of that other Contracting Party carrying on the same activities. This provision shall not be construed as obliging a Contracting Party to grant to residents of the other Contracting Party any personal allowances, reliefs and reductions for taxation purposes on account of civil status or family responsibilities which it grants to its own residents.

4.

Except where the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 9, paragraph 5 of Article 11, or paragraph 5 of Article 12, apply, interest, royalties and other disbursements paid by an enterprise of a Contracting Party to a resident of the other Contracting Party shall, for the purpose of determining the taxable profits of such enterprise, be deductible under the same conditions as if they had been paid to a resident of the first-mentioned Contracting Party.

5.

Enterprises of a Contracting Party, the capital of which is wholly or partly owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by one or more residents of the other Contracting Party, shall not be subjected in the first-mentioned Contracting Party to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which other similar enterprises of the first-mentioned Contracting Party are or may be subjected.

1.

Where a person considers that the actions of one or both of the Contracting Parties result or will result for him in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, he may, irrespective of the remedies provided by the domestic laws of those Contracting Parties, present his case to the competent authority of the Contracting Party of which he is a resident or, if his case comes under paragraph 1 of Article 23, to that of the Contracting Party of which he is a national (in the case of the Netherlands) or in which he has the right of abode or is incorporated or otherwise constituted (in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region). The case must be presented within 3 years from the first notification of the action resulting in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.

2.

The competent authority shall endeavour, if the objection appears to it to be justified and if it is not itself able to arrive at a satisfactory solution, to resolve the case by mutual agreement with the competent authority of the other Contracting Party, with a view to the avoidance of taxation which is not in accordance with this Agreement. Any agreement reached shall be implemented notwithstanding any time limits in the domestic laws of the Contracting Parties.

3.

The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall endeavour to resolve by mutual agreement any difficulties or doubts arising as to the interpretation or application of this Agreement. They may also consult together for the elimination of double taxation in cases not provided for in the Agreement.

4.

The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties may communicate with each other directly, including through a joint commission consisting of themselves or their representatives, for the purpose of reaching an agreement in the sense of the preceding paragraphs.

5.

Where,

any unresolved issues arising from the case shall be submitted to arbitration if the person so requests. These unresolved issues shall not, however, be submitted to arbitration if a decision on these issues has already been rendered by a court or administrative tribunal of either Contracting Party. Unless a person directly affected by the case does not accept the mutual agreement that implements the arbitration decision, that decision shall be binding on both Contracting Parties and shall be implemented notwithstanding any time limits in the domestic laws of these Contracting Parties. The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of this paragraph.

1.

The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall exchange such information as is foreseeably relevant for carrying out the provisions of this Agreement or to the administration or enforcement of the domestic laws of the Contracting Parties concerning taxes covered by this Agreement, insofar as the taxation thereunder is not contrary to the Agreement. The exchange of information is not restricted by Article 1.

2.

Any information received under paragraph 1 by a Contracting Party shall be treated as secret in the same manner as information obtained under the domestic laws of that Contracting Party and shall be disclosed only to persons or authorities (including courts and administrative bodies) concerned with the assessment or collection of, the enforcement or prosecution in respect of, or the determination of appeals in relation to the taxes referred to in paragraph 1, or the oversight of the above. Such persons or authorities shall use the information only for such purposes. They may disclose the information in public court proceedings or in judicial decisions. Information shall not be disclosed to any third jurisdiction for any purpose without the consent of the Contracting Party originally furnishing the information.

3.

In no case shall the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 be construed so as to impose on a Contracting Party the obligation:

4.

If information is requested by a Contracting Party in accordance with this Article, the other Contracting Party shall use its information gathering measures to obtain the requested information, even though that other Contracting Party may not need such information for its own tax purposes. The obligation contained in the preceding sentence is subject to the limitations of paragraph 3 but in no case shall such limitations be construed to permit a Contracting Party to decline to supply information solely because it has no domestic interest in such information.

5.

In no case shall the provisions of paragraph 3 be construed to permit a Contracting Party to decline to supply information solely because the information is held by a bank, other financial institution, nominee or person acting in an agency or a fiduciary capacity or because it relates to ownership interests in a person.

1.

Nothing in this Agreement shall prejudice the right of each Contracting Party to apply its domestic laws and measures concerning tax avoidance, whether or not described as such.

2.

For the purposes of this Article, “laws and measures concerning tax avoidance” includes laws and measures for preventing, discouraging, avoiding or counteracting the effect of any transaction, arrangement or practice which has the purpose or effect of conferring a tax benefit on any person.

3.

For the purposes of this Article, “laws and measures concerning tax avoidance” includes for the Netherlands in any case:

Article 17, paragraph 3, subparagraph b, in connection with article 17a, paragraph 1, subparagraph c, of the Corporate Income Tax Act 1969, or any identical or substantially similar provisions replacing these Articles.

1.

This Agreement may be extended, either in its entirety or with any necessary modifications, to either or both of the countries of the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba or the legal successor of either or both of these countries, if the country concerned imposes taxes substantially similar in character to those to which the Agreement applies. Any such extension shall take effect from such date and shall be subject to such modifications and conditions, including conditions as to termination, as may be specified and agreed in notes to be exchanged in writing.

2.

Unless otherwise agreed the termination of the Agreement shall not also terminate any extension of the Agreement to any country to which it has been extended under this Article.

1.

This Agreement shall enter into force on the fifth day after the latter of the dates on which the respective Contracting Parties have notified each other in writing that the formalities required by its law for the bringing into force of this Agreement have been complied with.

2.

The provisions of this Agreement shall have effect:

1.

It is understood that the OECD Commentary is an important guideline when interpreting the provisions of this Agreement that are the same or substantially the same as the corresponding provisions of the OECD Model Convention on income and on capital at the time of signing as well as subsequent clarifying modifications of the OECD Commentary on these provisions. The understanding in the preceding sentence shall not apply with respect to any contrary interpretation agreed to in this Protocol, to contrary interpretation agreed to by the competent authorities after the entry into force of the Agreement or to reservations or observations to the OECD Model Tax Convention or OECD Commentary by either Contracting Party.

2.

For the purposes of applying this Agreement an item of income, profit or gain derived through a person that is fiscally transparent under the laws of either Contracting Party, shall be considered to be derived by a resident of a Contracting Party to the extent that the item is treated for the purposes of the taxation law of such Contracting Party as the income, profit or gain of that resident.

1.

An individual living aboard a ship without any real domicile in either of the Contracting Parties shall be deemed to be a resident of the Contracting Party in which the ship has its home harbour.

2.

In considering cases which fall within paragraph 4 of Article 4 of the Agreement the competent authorities shall have regard to:

1.

In respect of paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 7:

2.

Payments received as a consideration for technical services, including studies or surveys of a scientific, geological or technical nature, or for consultancy or supervisory services shall be deemed to be payments to which the provisions of Article 7 apply.

1.

The Agreement between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China for the Avoidance of Double Taxation on Income, Profits, Gains or Capital of an Enterprise Operating Ships in International Traffic signed at Hong Kong on 2 November 2000 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Shipping Agreement’) shall terminate upon the entry into force of this Agreement. However, the provisions of the Shipping Agreement shall continue to have effect for taxable years and periods which are expired before the time at which the provisions of this Agreement shall be effective.

2.

It is understood that Article 8A of the Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Government of Hong Kong concerning air services signed at The Hague on 17 September 1986 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Air Services Agreement’) shall not have effect as long as this Agreement is in force. However, the provisions of the Air Services Agreement shall continue to have effect for taxable years and periods which are expired before the time at which the provisions of this Agreement shall be effective.

1.

A person shall be considered a headquarters company for the purposes of paragraph 3, subparagraph (a) (iv) of Article 10 only if:

2.

The determination for the purposes of paragraph 3, subparagraph (e) of Article 10 shall be based on all facts and circumstances including:

The competent authority which has to grant the benefit will consult with the competent authority of the other Contracting Party before denying the benefit.

3.

For the purposes of paragraph 3 of Article 10 and paragraph 4 of Article 13 the term “recognised stock exchange” means:

provided that the purchase or sale of shares on the stock exchange is not implicitly or explicitly restricted to a limited group of investors.

4.

For the purposes of Article 10, paragraph 3, subparagraph (c), in the case of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, institution means in any case: